A ventilation fan mainly consists of five core components: a motor, fan blades, casing, support frame, and controller. The motor, as the power source (power customized according to airflow requirements), drives the fan blades to rotate and generate airflow. The fan blades typically employ a multi-blade design (the number and shape of the blades vary depending on the model), directly affecting air pressure and airflow efficiency. The casing is mostly made of metal/plastic (highly corrosion-resistant) for airflow guidance and sealing; the support frame is a metal structure to ensure equipment operational stability. The controller integrates modules such as buttons and a display screen, supporting manual/automatic fan speed adjustment (e.g., 0-10 adjustable levels). All components work together, making it widely used in industrial exhaust, building ventilation, and other scenarios.
The main performance parameters of a ventilation fan include flow rate, pressure, power, efficiency, and rotational speed. In addition, noise and vibration levels are also key technical indicators. Flow rate, also known as air volume, is expressed as the volume of gas flowing through the fan per unit time. Pressure, also known as air pressure, refers to the increase in gas pressure within the fan, and is categorized as static pressure, dynamic pressure, and total pressure. Total pressure equals the difference between the total pressure of the airflow at the outlet and inlet sections of the fan; static pressure equals the difference between the static pressure of the airflow at the outlet and inlet sections of the fan; dynamic pressure refers to the dynamic pressure of the airflow at the average velocity at the outlet section of the fan. At the same cross-section, the total pressure of the airflow equals the sum of the static pressure and the dynamic pressure.
A fan is a machine that relies on input mechanical energy to increase gas pressure and discharge gas; it is a type of driven fluid machinery. The exhaust pressure is below 1.5 × 10^4 Pa. Modern fans are widely used for ventilation, dust removal, and cooling in factories, mines, tunnels, cooling towers, vehicles, ships, and buildings; ventilation and induced draft in boilers and industrial furnaces; cooling and ventilation in air conditioning equipment and household appliances; grain drying and conveying; wind tunnel air sources; and inflation and propulsion for hovercraft, etc.
